regulator Any organism that can maintain a constant internal environment largely independently of the external environment. This is generally achieved by homeostatic mechanisms. Regulators tend to occupy habitats in which environmental conditions are variable
Sunday, 2 October 2016
Plants and animals are found in desert snow,mountains,grasslands, almost in all types of environments.The surroundings in which the organism live is called its environment.The environment in which the organism live is known as the external environment and the environment in which the individual cells live is known as the internal environment. The ability to maintain a steady state within a constantly changing environment is essential for the survival of living system.In order to maintain this condition organisms from simplest to the most complex one have to developed a variety of structural,physiological and behavioral mechanism designed to achieve a constant internal environment. The maintenance of a constant internal environment is called homeostasis.(Greek: homois, like, resembling and stasis, standing). This term was introduced by Walter Canon In 1932.
The three elements of homeostasis are:
(a) Osmoregulation: it is the control of gain and loss of water and dissolved solutes.
(b) Excretion: The disposal of nitrogen containing wastes.
(c) Thermoregulation: it is the maintenance of internal temperatures within a range that allows cells to function efficiently.
The three elements of homeostasis are:
(a) Osmoregulation: it is the control of gain and loss of water and dissolved solutes.
(b) Excretion: The disposal of nitrogen containing wastes.
(c) Thermoregulation: it is the maintenance of internal temperatures within a range that allows cells to function efficiently.
Thermoregulation is a process that allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature. All thermoregulation mechanisms are designed to return your body to homeostasis. This is a state of equilibrium.
A healthy internal body temperature falls within a narrow window. The average person has a baseline temperature between 98°F (37°C) and 100°F (37.8°C). Your body has some flexibility with temperature. However, if you get to the extremes of body temperature, it can affect your body’s ability to function. For example, if your body temperature falls to 95°F (35°C) or lower, you have “hypothermia.” This condition can potentially lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, or even death. If your body temperature rises as high as 107.6°F (42 °C), you can suffer brain damage or even death.
A healthy internal body temperature falls within a narrow window. The average person has a baseline temperature between 98°F (37°C) and 100°F (37.8°C). Your body has some flexibility with temperature. However, if you get to the extremes of body temperature, it can affect your body’s ability to function. For example, if your body temperature falls to 95°F (35°C) or lower, you have “hypothermia.” This condition can potentially lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, or even death. If your body temperature rises as high as 107.6°F (42 °C), you can suffer brain damage or even death.
the maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentrations.
retion, the process by which animals rid themselves of waste products and of the nitrogenous by-products of metabolism. Through excretion organisms control osmotic pressure—the balance between inorganic ions and water—and maintain acid-base balance. The process thus promotes homeostasis, the constancy of the organism’s internal environment.
Every organism, from the smallest protist to the largest mammal, must rid itself of the potentially harmful by-products of its own vital activities. This process in living things is called elimination, which may be considered to encompass all of the various mechanisms and processes by which life forms dispose of or throw off waste products, toxic substances, and dead portions of the organism. The nature of the process and of the specialized structures developed for waste disposal vary greatly with the size and complexity of the organism.
Four terms are commonly associated with waste-disposal processes and are often used interchangeably, though not always correctly: excretion, secretion,egestion, and elimination.
Excretion is a general term referring to the separation and throwing off of waste materials or toxic substances from the cells and tissues of a plant or animal.
The separation, elaboration, and elimination of certain products arising from cellular functions in multicellular organisms is called secretion. Though these substances may be a waste product of the cell producing them, they are frequently useful to other cells of the organism. Examples of secretions are the digestive enzymes produced by intestinal and pancreatic tissue cells of vertebrate animals, the hormones synthesized by specialized glandular cells of plants and animals, and sweat secreted by glandular cells in the skins of some mammals. Secretion implies that the chemical compounds being secreted were synthesized by specialized cells and that they are of functional value to the organism. The disposal of common waste products should not, therefore, be considered to be of a secretory nature.
SIMILAR TOPICS
Egestion is the act of excreting unusable or undigested material from a cell, as in the case of single-celled organisms, or from the digestive tract of multicellular animals.
As defined above, elimination broadly defines the mechanisms of waste disposal by living systems at all levels of complexity. The term may be used interchangeably with excretion.
the tendency of a system, especially the physiological system of higher animals, to maintain internal stability, owing to the coordinated response of its parts to any situation or stimulus that would tend to disturb its normal condition or function.
The external environment of an organization are those factors outside the company that affect the company's ability to function. Some external elements can be manipulated by company marketing, while others require the organization to make adjustments.
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